A perspective on Neurosymbolic AI

Aug 21, 2025

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The focus in AI today is very much on using just data for learning, but one should not learn what one already knows. The challenge therefore is to use the avaible knowledge to guide and constrain the learning, and to reason with the resulting models in a trustworthy manner. This requires the integration of symbolic AI with machine learning, which is the focus of neurosymbolic AI, often touted as the next wave in AI. I will argue that Neurosymbolic AI = Logic + Probability + Neural Networks. This will allow me to specify a high-level recipe for incorporating background knowledge into any neural network approach. The recipe starts from neural networks, interprets them at the symbol level by viewing them as “neural predicates” (or relations) and adding logical knowledge layers on top of them. The glue is provided by a probabilistic interpretation of the logic. Probability is interpreted broadly, it provides the quantitative differentiable component necessary to connect the symbolic and subsymbolic levels. Finally, I will show how the recipe and its ingredients can be used to develop the foundations of neurosymbolic AI.

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Über IJCAI

Welcome to the webpage of the 30th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-21)! IJCAI-21 will held in Montreal-themed virtual reality from August 21st to August 26th, 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

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